Costa Rica: A Welcoming Destination
When considering travel abroad, especially for a vacation, it's perfectly normal that you'd want to know about safety in the country you're visiting. We get it and understand completely. That's why we've created this page to give you an honest and upfront appraisal of safety in Costa Rica, from crime and natural hazards to cybersecurity and more.
Before we start, we want you to know that we live in Costa Rica, many of us with families and children. And while no country on earth is perfect, we believe that Costa Rica is as close as it gets. The vast majority of our clients—and tourists in general—face no issues when they come to Costa Rica. They have a great time and leave the country loving it as much as we do.
With that said, read on for a comprehensive safety guide for tourists visiting Costa Rica.
Crime in Costa Rica
We'll start with the big one. How bad is the crime situation down here and is Costa Rica dangerous? That's really the main question, and there's good and bad news here. We'll start with the good news.
For the vast majority of tourists, Costa Rica is not dangerous. It's an easy country to walk around and people are friendly and welcoming. Unlike many other countries, where the advice is to not leave the confines of your resort, Costa Rica is all about getting out there, exploring, checking out restaurants, shopping, and meeting people. We really mean that.
Although Costa Rica might be safe for most tourists, that doesn't mean the country is crime-free. In fact, crime has risen in Costa Rica since the pandemic, including violent crime. The homicide rate in Costa Rica in 2022 was 12.20 per 100,000 people, the country's highest ever. In Central America at large, Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras had higher homicide rates while El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Panama came in lower (for context, the homicide rate in the United States for 2022 was 6.3 per 100,000).
So what does this mean for you as a tourist? Well, not much. While the homicide rate has been on a slight year-on-year rise over the past decade or so, it's worth pointing out that the overwhelming majority of violent crime—practically all of it, in fact—takes place between drug gangs in a handful of deprived parts of San José and Limón on the Caribbean coast. These are not areas where tourists ever venture to. Most Costa Ricans themselves don’t visit these areas. And while homicide rates are the main way we judge a country's safety (or lack thereof), it's other forms of crime that tourists should be more aware of.
These other forms include mostly variations of petty theft: robbery, burglary, car crime, and mugging. Even though these are more common than major crimes, the vast majority of tourists won't be victims of these crimes because of the specific circumstances in which they occur, especially if they apply some common sense tips to prevent them.
Safety Tips for Costa Rica Travel
If you follow the below tips, you'll lessen your chances even more:
- Stay out of problematic areas. Luckily, if you're here on vacation, you're not going to be anywhere near any of these areas unless you're looking for trouble of some sort. Which leads us to the next point...
- Don't look for trouble. By that, we mean don't look for drugs, don't get involved in "sex tourism," and don't do anything sketchy. That way, you'll minimize contact with dangerous people and your vacation will be safer.
- Stay alert. Keep an eye on your surroundings, especially in crowded areas and on public transportation. Know where your belongings are at all times and leave nothing unattended, even at the beach.
- Bring as little as possible to the beach. If you can get away with just bringing a pair of flip-flops and some sunscreen to the beach and nothing else, do that. If you have to bring money, phone, etc., make sure you have a dry bag to tie to you while swimming or surfing. And talking of beaches...
- Don't go to the beach at night on your own. This goes double if you're a woman. Some beaches are a little isolated and at night there’s little light in many of them, so just be cautious.
- Leave everything important in your hotel safe. There's no reason to wander around with expensive jewelry, the latest iPhone in hand, and with all your cards and cash on you. It can all stay in the hotel, especially if you're out at night. If you must bring valuables out with you, see point number three above.
- If you're renting a car, leave nothing in it. And especially nothing visible (bag, phone, whatever). It’s advisable to have insurance when renting your car since sometimes things can happen, but going the extra mile to make sure everything is properly hidden won’t hurt.
- Make copies of important items. That means passport, driving license, etc. If by accident you lose where you keep them or they get stolen, you’ll have a backup.
- Don't resist. If the worst happens and someone tries to rob you, just hand your things over and then go to the police. If you follow these tips, there won't be much to hand over anyway.
- Don't drink too much. This is especially important at night and if you're on your own. Visibly drunk tourists can be considered an easier target by some.
- Watch out for scams. Most Costa Ricans are welcoming and friendly, but there's always some bad apple. Fake guides, overcharging taxi drivers, shortchanging you in restaurants... They can all happen. Again, be alert.
The above tips are pretty standardized for any destination in the world, not only Costa Rica. Bottom line is, as long as you're sensible, apply common sense, and stay out of bad areas (which, as a tourist, you won’t find right outside your hotel), your chances of being a victim of crime in Costa Rica are minimal. The watchword is alertness.
What to Do If You Become a Victim of Crime
If the worst happens and you do find yourself a victim of crime in Costa Rica, here's what to do:
- Personal safety first. If you're in immediate danger, prioritize getting to a safe location. This might involve leaving the scene or asking for help from bystanders. Don't put yourself at further risk. If you're hurt, seek medical attention and document any potential injuries for insurance purposes.
- Contact local authorities. Dial 911 for immediate police assistance. If you don't speak Spanish, try to find someone nearby who can help you. Also, many tourist areas and beach communities have tourist police on the streets around you.
- File a police report. Go to the nearest police station to file a police report. Be as clear and detailed as possible about the incident, including the time, location, description of the perpetrator, and any stolen belongings.
- Request a police report copy. This document will be crucial for insurance claims.
- If serious, contact your embassy or consulate. They won't do anything about pickpocketing or minor crime, but they can help you with more serious things.
- Secure your belongings. If anything was stolen, cancel credit cards and report lost passports or important documents immediately. If you have travel insurance, contact your provider to understand how they can help. We recommend having travel insurance.
If you're traveling to Costa Rica with us, contact our in-country support team. They will be there for you 24/7 to help with any of the steps above.
Again, even though it is highly unlikely you are to be a victim of crime in Costa Rica, sometimes, lightning does strike, and it's important to know how to a) avoid a situation in the first place and b) deal with a situation should it occur.
Keeping Health and Medical Safety
Now we have crime out of the way, let's look at some other safety issues concerning travel to Costa Rica. We'll start with health.
Mosquito-Borne Illnesses
Luckily, there are not many health precautions you need to be concerned about when visiting Costa Rica. We're in the tropics. so it's important to be aware that mosquito-borne diseases like malaria, dengue, chikungunya, and zika do exist. That said, these diseases are extremely rare within the country. So rare, in fact, that outbreaks make local news headlines. Mosquito-borne illnesses are easy to avoid, too: use bug spray and cover yourself at dawn and dusk.
Yellow Fever: No Longer an Issue
Another tropical disease you don't have to worry about in Costa Rica is yellow fever. Yes, we said you don't have to worry about that. Costa Rica (like the rest of Central America) is serious about keeping yellow fever out, so if you're traveling directly here from a country with this disease (most of South America and Africa), you'll need to provide proof of vaccination. This avoids bringing the disease from outside the country into Costa Rica, and if there is a case in Costa Rica, it is quickly isolated and dealt with. Vaccination is also extensively applied to all the populations at risk to reduce its chances of occurrence.
Drinkable Water and Food Poisoning
Aside from tropical diseases, the other health factor you might worry about is the food and water. After all, it's not uncommon for people to feel a bit of Montezuma's Revenge when traveling, right? Well, here in Costa Rica, that's not as much of a concern as elsewhere. The tap water is generally fine for drinking, washing food, and cleaning your teeth. Locals do it like this all the time and we've lived here for years and have no issues. That said, sometimes it takes a while for people to get used to different water supplies, so if you want to stick to bottled water, that's fine too.
Regarding food, Costa Rican cuisine is pretty safe and bland (in a good way). No spices or uncommon ingredients to unsettle the stomach. Follow the same food safety rules as you would at home, and you'll be fine. The rule of thumb about visiting busy restaurants instead of dead ones also works in Costa Rica.
Where and How to Get Help
If you do find yourself getting sick in Costa Rica, you can always contact us and we'll help. Most tourist communities have excellent medical facilities nearby (outside the capital, usually a clinic rather than a hospital, but still they are usually good in an emergency). It's also worth noting that pharmacies in Costa Rica also have trained medical professionals working in them who can help you. Pharmacies in Costa Rica have a lot more "power" than pharmacies in the United States, Canada, or Europe. Doctors in pharmacies often give treatment for small maladies or recommend medicines.
Tremors, Hurricanes, and Sunburns: Natural Hazards in Costa Rica
The next item to discuss are potential natural hazards in Costa Rica.
Tremors in Costa Rica
It's worth knowing that we do get earthquakes here, although the vast majority of them are tiny tremors and most people don’t even feel them. If you're from California, you'll know all about tremors, and it's not much different in Costa Rica. Your hotel will have an evacuation plan in case a big one hits, so familiarize yourself with it if it’s a concern, but they’re not expected often. Earthquakes elsewhere around the Pacific Ocean also have the potential to cause tidal waves to hit Costa Rica. Again, this is not really something experts expect, but follow your hotel's evacuation plan should the worst happen.
Hurricanes and Tropical Storms
Hurricanes are rare in Costa Rica. It might sound odd, but Costa Rica is south of the main Caribbean "hurricane belt." The vast majority of hurricanes that hit Central America make landfall way to the north of Costa Rica, so it's not a real concern. That said, a hurricane hitting say, Nicaragua or Honduras, can cause excess rain and flooding in Costa Rica. It's rare, but can happen, especially in the months of September, October, and November.
Avoiding Sunburns
On the flip side, take care of yourself in the sun. If you're a white or light-skinned northerner, the strong tropical sunshine can certainly be more of a natural hazard to you than to locals or darker-skinned tourists. Visitors often underestimate its dangers, but sunburn is no joke and can ruin your vacation, so protect yourself and those with you, particularly children. Even if it’s a bit of a cloudy day, it’s important to use protection.
Transportation Safety for All Travelers
Road conditions and driving safety in Costa Rica are worth talking about, especially if you want to rent a car. In recent years, the roads have become much better in Costa Rica, but they're still not what you might be used to.
Driving in Costa Rica: Recommendations and Tips
Be prepared for winding mountain roads, narrow lanes, and potholes. Some rural roads might be unpaved and impassable during the rainy season. Also be prepared for your fellow motorists to drive like maniacs, especially truck drivers and motorcyclists, so be cautious and drive defensively. Expect the unexpected, like animals crossing the road and pedestrians walking on shoulders (oftentimes, sidewalks are a myth). From May to November, rain can make roads slippery, so take care and be mindful of potential flash flooding.
We also recommend not driving at night, especially when you don't know the roads. A combination of poor lighting, potholes, sharp turns, and bad fellow drivers make it not worth it. Get where you need to get during the day. And we know we needn't say it, but don't drink and drive.
Public Transportation: Buses, Flights, and Taxis
If you're traveling on the public bus, you'll avoid the hazards we've just mentioned. The main safety tip here is about your luggage. Keep it where you can see it at all times. A pro tip is to put it in the overhead on the other side of your seat, not the one above you. Internal flights are also a way of getting around Costa Rica. These small planes can get bumpy and if that makes you nervous, always book the earliest flight in the day that you can.
Taxi safety in Costa Rica is straightforward. Only use the licensed taxis with a red coat and yellow triangle on the door. These taxis will have a meter (called the maría) that the driver is legally-bound to turn on once you're underway. If he doesn't, or he tells you it's "broken", get out of the cab and get another one. Uber and other ride-sharing services also exist in Costa Rica, so use them if you can. There are also unofficial taxis called piratas (pirates). Unless your Spanish is excellent, we recommend avoiding them.
Environmental and Wildlife Safety in Costa Rica
One of the main reasons for visiting Costa Rica is to check out the national parks and nature. Costa Rica is one of the most beautiful countries in the world, famous for its beaches, rainforests, cloud forests, and volcanoes. It's a country for outdoor enthusiasts and wildlife lovers.
General Precautions and Advice
Some of that wildlife, however, can be dangerous if you don’t take precautions. Costa Rica has venomous snakes, insects, and spiders with bites that can pack a punch, and, of course (as mentioned above), mosquitoes. The best thing to do to avoid getting bitten or stung is to stick to the main paths, be watchful of your step and your surroundings, and heed your guide’s advice on general safety. You can also cover up when hiking and wear proper shoes to avoid any annoying interactions. Don't take a rainforest hike in shorts and flip-flops.
Are Large Predators a Concern in Costa Rica?
Larger animals like jaguars will not be an issue—they want to avoid you—but you might want to be careful of wild pigs and crocodiles. Don't swim in rivers unless you see lots of locals doing the same thing, and avoid estuaries. The chances of you being attacked by a crocodile are remote but make them even more remote.
Don’t Feed the Wildlife
As it’s often recommended, don't feed wild animals, especially not by hand. It’s old advice but always true. Rabies exists in Costa Rica and you don't want to be bitten, whether it's by a monkey or a raccoon. Also, feeding wild animals is bad for the animals themselves, since it makes them trust humans and poachers take advantage of that.
Hiring Guides and Tour Operators: What to Know
If you're hiking, stay on the trails. Don't go "off-piste" and get lost, especially in large national parks like Corcovado. Better yet, have a guide with you. Guides will not just enhance your experience as they know the terrain well: they’ll also make your day safer. Only use reputable tour companies for activities like whitewater rafting or zip lining. Check out TripAdvisor or ask at your hotel to find recommendations. All of the partners we work with to plan activities in Costa Rica are also reputable with exemplary reviews.
Swimming, the Ocean, and Riptides
If you're at the beach, be very careful of riptides. More tourists get into trouble with riptides in Costa Rica each year than they do with crime. Most beaches do not have lifeguards, so be careful. Swim where you see others swim. If more people are surfing than swimming, don't swim. There are safe and calm beaches in Costa Rica, and if you are a surfer, there are surf beaches that are "your level” as well. If you want to figure it out, feel free to ask us!
Understanding Cultural and Social Safety
Costa Ricans are laid-back and all about that Pura Vida. And if you're respectful while in Costa Rica, you'll receive nothing but kindness from the majority of folks you meet. Being respectful means respectful behavior. There are many “Ugly American” stereotypes that you can easily avoid by remaining interested in the people around you and the culture you’re visiting. Be as relaxed , warm-hearted, and humble as the people you meet. Costa Ricans are usually welcoming towards tourists and they won’t mind small confusions or mishaps if you always act in good faith.
However, Costa Rica is still quite a conservative country, so bear that in mind. There is a cultural shift in progress, especially among the younger generations, but you might find resistance from some people. For example, overt public displays of affection are generally not very welcome and are seen by some as disrespectful. Another example is that, while LGBTQ+ travelers are welcome in Costa Rica, you should be aware you might attract some looks from the most conservative members of the public. To learn more about the local culture and what to expect, check our travel guide for LGBTQ+ travelers.
If you're out drinking and enjoying the nightlife, have fun but be careful, especially if you're a solo female traveler. Known date rape drugs like scopolamine—commonly used in other countries—are very rare in Costa Rica, but not unheard of, so be careful and don't leave your drink unwatched, especially if you're alone. Whether you're a man or a woman, keep your streetsmarts, and always get an Uber or a red taxi home. Bottom line is, don't do anything in Costa Rica you wouldn't do at home.
Cybersecurity in Costa Rica
You're probably traveling to Costa Rica with your smartphone, laptop, or tablet. Possibly all three, which makes online safety something to think about. Here are some cybersecurity tips for travelers in Costa Rica:
Before Traveling
- Update software and apps. Ensure your operating systems, antivirus software, and essential apps are updated with the latest security patches.
- Use strong passwords and two-factor authentication. Create strong passwords for all your accounts, and enable two-factor authentication (2FA) wherever possible. Use a password manager if it makes things easier.
- Back up your data. Back up your important documents, photos, and videos to a cloud storage service or external hard drive in case your devices are lost or stolen.
- Use a VPN. A Virtual Private Network (VPN) encrypts your online traffic, especially useful when using public WiFi.
While in Costa Rica
- Think before you connect. Avoid public WiFi for sensitive activities like online banking. If you must use it, connect through your VPN.
- Keep your devices with you. Don't leave your phone or laptop unattended. Lock them in your hotel safe or carry them in a secure bag when not in use.
- Beware of phishing scams. Watch out for emails, texts, or phone calls pretending to be from your airline, bank, or travel booking site. Never click on suspicious links or provide personal information unless you're sure it's authentic.
- Use the hotel's internet. Using your hotel's internet network is often more secure than public WiFi.
- Keep your cards in sight. When using a credit or debit card, try not to let it out of your site. Go up to the counter to pay there rather than let the server take it.
- Disable unused services. Turn off Bluetooth and location services when not needed.
- Stay informed. Keep yourself updated about current cybersecurity threats and scams targeting travelers.
Additional Tips
- Consider a disposable phone. If you're worried about your main phone being lost or stolen, consider using a cheap disposable phone for basic communications while traveling. Getting sim cards in Costa Rica is pretty easy, and prepaid lines are widely available too.
- Tell your bank and credit card company you're in Costa Rica. Tell your bank and credit card companies about your travel plans so they can flag any suspicious activity on your accounts.
- Have emergency contact information available. Save emergency contact information for your embassy, local authorities, and friends or family back home.
These tips are useful for anywhere, not only Costa Rica. Following them can reduce your risk of cyberattacks and online scams while traveling.
Just in Case: Emergency Preparedness While Traveling
So what if the worst happens while you're here in Costa Rica? What if you get sick, become a victim of crime, get attacked by an animal, or caught in an earthquake? It helps to be prepared. Know the emergency services number in Costa Rica: 911 (the same as the United States and Canada). If you're booking with us, you'll receive our 24/7 in-country numbers, too. Save them and use them if you need.
Like the safety procedures on a plane, it's worth knowing the protocol at your hotel. As mentioned earlier, your hotel will have an evacuation policy in case of emergency. You'll most likely find it on the back of the door, and it's worth familiarizing yourself with it. It's also worth having the phone number (or at least the website) of your country's embassy bookmarked. Just in case.
We hope we've summed up the safety situation in Costa Rica. Chances are, as we said, you won't actually need any of the info we've given you here, but better safe than sorry. As long as you're sensible, respectful, and smart, you'll join the ranks of the millions of tourists who visit Costa Rica every year without incident.
Additional Resources on Safety in Costa Rica
For additional information on safety in Costa Rica, find the below resources:
